How High Can a Fence Be Without Planning Permission UK

In the UK, you can usually erect a fence without planning permission — but only if it stays within certain height limits and doesn’t breach specific conditions. The general rule is simple: you can build a fence up to 2 metres high (around 6.5 feet)without planning permission. However, if the fence is next to a highway (including footpaths), the maximum height drops to 1 metre (just over 3 feet).

If your proposed fence goes above these limits — even by a small amount — you’ll need to apply for planning permission from your local authority.

Fence Height Rules Explained

Under permitted development rights, you don’t need planning permission if:

• The fence is no higher than 2 metres, and

• It is not adjacent to a highway or footpath, or

• If it is next to a highway, the height is no more than 1 metre

These rules apply to walls, gates, and fences alike. It doesn’t matter if the material is wood, metal, or composite — the rules are based on height and position, not material.

If you're building on a raised area or embankment, the height is measured from the natural ground level, not the new surface. So, adding a fence on top of a garden wall or retaining wall still counts toward the overall height and can breach planning limits.

Special Rules and Exceptions

There are several situations where permitted development does not apply, and you may need to apply for planning permission, even for a low fence. These include:

• Listed properties – Any changes, including fencing, may require listed building consent

• Conservation areas – Restrictions are tighter to preserve the look of the area

• New build estates – Developers often impose restrictive covenants on boundary treatments

• Article 4 Directions – Some councils remove permitted rights in specific areas, especially for front gardens or visible boundaries

In any of these situations, it’s safest to contact your local council before putting up any new fencing — especially if it's visible from a public space.

Can I Increase Fence Height by Adding Trellis?

This is a common workaround — adding trellis panels to the top of an existing fence to increase privacy. Technically, this still counts toward the overall fence height, so if it pushes the total above 2 metres, it can still require planning permission.

That said, many councils are more relaxed about trellis, especially if it's lightweight and doesn’t create a “solid wall” effect. But if a neighbour complains or the trellis blocks light, you may still face enforcement action. Again, best to check before installing.

What Happens If I Go Over the Limit?

If your fence is too high and you haven’t secured planning permission, your local council can issue an enforcement notice. You may be ordered to reduce the height or remove the structure entirely. This applies even if you didn’t realise you needed permission — ignorance isn’t a defence under planning law.

Enforcement can also happen years after installation if a neighbour raises a complaint and the council decides to investigate. That’s why it’s always worth keeping records or getting written confirmation that your fence is permitted.

Height Includes the Whole Structure

Many homeowners don’t realise that the height is measured from ground level to the very top, including any decorative features, trellis, spikes, or post caps. Even something as minor as a finial or lattice panel can push the total height over the legal limit — and if it’s measured as being even a few centimetres too tall, your council can act.

The "Highway" Rule Is Broad

When planning law says “adjacent to a highway”, it doesn’t just mean a busy road — it includes pavements, alleyways, bridleways, cycle paths, or any route the public can legally access. So even if your front garden is on a quiet cul-de-sac or rural track, the 1-metre rule could still apply. If your fence faces any of these, keep it under 1 metre or apply for permission.

Shared Boundaries and Neighbour Disputes

Legally, you don’t need your neighbour’s permission to put up a fence on your side of the boundary, but if the fence sits on the boundary line, it’s considered shared — and you’ll need to agree on it together. Disputes over height, finish, or even who gets the “nice side” of the fence are incredibly common, so good communication is key.

Also, if you put the “bad side” (rails, posts) facing your neighbour, they may take issue — while it’s not illegal, it can be seen as poor form unless otherwise agreed.

Planning Permission vs. Party Wall Agreement

If you’re replacing a fence with a wall (especially brick), you might also trigger Party Wall Act obligations if it's near or on the boundary. This is separate from planning — it’s a civil matter — but you may need to serve a notice on your neighbour, depending on how and where you build.

Garden Walls and Hedges Are Treated Similarly

If you're replacing a fence with a wall or combining a hedge and fence, you’ll face similar height restrictions. Also, trimming a hedge isn’t a planning issue — but removing one in a conservation area may require permission. Councils also have powers to act on high or dangerous hedges under the Anti-Social Behaviour Act.

Planning Enforcement Is Real — Even for Fences

Councils regularly act on fencing breaches — especially for front gardens, or in new-build developments where uniformity is expected. You might not hear anything for months or even years, but enforcement can still happen if someone complains. And once they do, the council will measure — and if it’s over the line, you could be ordered to reduce the height or remove the fence.

Final Tip

While a fence may seem like a minor improvement, planning law treats boundary structures seriously — especially those that face the street or impact neighbours. Staying within the height limits and checking for local restrictions is essential if you want to avoid planning issues.

If you’re ever in doubt, it’s safer to submit a Lawful Development Certificate. It’s a straightforward, low-cost process that gives you legal confirmation your fence meets planning rules. That proof is invaluable if you ever get a complaint — or sell your home and a buyer's solicitor starts asking questions.